• 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4

齊魯工業(yè)大學(xué)

當前位置:考研招生在線(xiàn) > 研招資訊  > 考研動(dòng)態(tài)

最新資訊

2021考研英語(yǔ)翻譯寶典:定語(yǔ)從句的翻譯

時(shí)間:2020-08-18 10:52:51     作者:考研招生在線(xiàn)
摘要:在語(yǔ)法上,定語(yǔ)從句是對先行詞的修飾語(yǔ),但是從定語(yǔ)從句的作用來(lái)看,它還可以用作補充或說(shuō)明先行詞的附加語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)和描述語(yǔ)。此外,在有些英語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句和主句之間還存在狀語(yǔ)關(guān)系。一般而言,對限制性定語(yǔ)從句采取前置法或后置法或融合法,而對先行詞加以進(jìn)一步地描寫(xiě)、解釋或敘述的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句采取的是前置法或后置法。較長(cháng)的定語(yǔ)從句采取后置法,而較短的采取前置法。事實(shí)上,翻譯沒(méi)有定規,它需要根據漢語(yǔ)習慣去靈活處理。

  (1)前置法

  譯成"…的"。一般針對比較短的限制性定語(yǔ)從句。

  The method of scientific investigation is nothing but the expression of the necessary mode of working of the human mind; it is simply the mode by which all phenomena are reasoned about and given precise and exact explanation.

  譯文:科學(xué)研究的方法不過(guò)是人類(lèi)思維活動(dòng)的必要表達方式,也就是對一切現象進(jìn)行思索并且給以精確而嚴謹的解釋的表達方式。

  (2)后置法

  用"這個(gè)"、"這"或重復先行詞的辦法去引導另起一個(gè)句子;有時(shí)省略先行詞另起一句;有時(shí)靈活處理成并列分句。這種方法適合比較長(cháng)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的翻譯。

  They would have had to live the rest of their lives under the stigma that he had recklessly precipitated an action which wrecked the Summit Conference and conceivably could have launched a nuclear war.

  譯文:他們可能不得不背著(zhù)一種臭名而終其余生,這個(gè)臭名就是:他曾冒然采取一項行動(dòng),這項行動(dòng)破壞了首腦會(huì )晤,并且可以設想,還可能已經(jīng)觸發(fā)一場(chǎng)核戰爭。(較長(cháng)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句,重復“這個(gè)臭名”)

  It is he who received the letter that announced the death of his uncle.

  譯文:是他接到了那封信,說(shuō)他的叔叔去世了。(限制性定語(yǔ)從句,后置省略先行詞)

  I told the story to John,who told it to his brother.

  譯文:我把這件事情告訴了約翰,約翰又告訴了他的弟弟。(非限制性定語(yǔ)從句后置處理成并列分句,重復先行詞"約翰")

  Christmas carols are loved by all who hear and sing it every year.

  譯文:圣誕頌歌為大家喜愛(ài),人們每年都欣賞和演唱。(非限制性定語(yǔ)從句后置處理成并列分句,重復先行詞"人們")

  World War II was, however, more complex than World War Ⅰ, which was a collision among the imperialist powers over the spoils of markets, resources and territories.

  譯文:第一次世界大戰是帝國主義列強之間爭奪市場(chǎng)、資源和領(lǐng)土的沖突,而第二次世界大戰卻比第一次復雜。(非限制性定語(yǔ)從句前置)

  In such an experiment the insects can be taught to fly to the ultra-violet,which for us is just darkness.

  譯文:在這樣的實(shí)驗中,能夠訓練昆蟲(chóng)飛向紫外線(xiàn),而紫外線(xiàn)對我們來(lái)說(shuō)只是一片黑暗。(非限制性定語(yǔ)從句后置,重復先行詞)

  (3)融合法

  融合法就是把限制性定語(yǔ)從句與主句融合成一句話(huà)。

  There are many people who want to read the book.

  譯文:許多人想讀這本書(shū)。(融合成一句話(huà),一般適用于There be句型)

  Home workers are people who have made decisions regarding their careers and life-styles.
在線(xiàn)報名申請表
上傳

上傳格式要求:jpg、png、zip、docx、、doc、xlsx、xls、pptx、pdf(100MB),最多上傳10個(gè)文件