傳統閱讀可分為：主旨大意題、推斷題、例證題、詞義句意題、情感態(tài)度題、細節題，6大題型。接下來(lái)，以詞義句意題為例，講解閱讀解題技巧。
詞義句意題考察的是根據上下文推測生詞難句的能力。一般在閱讀中所占分值在：4-6分。首先，要會(huì )識別詞義句意題：題干：the word/ sentence “ ______” is closet meaning to ______.這個(gè)題型在識別上難度不大，但是很多同學(xué)做到這個(gè)題目，第一反應就是考詞匯量或者是理解句子的能力，其實(shí)不然。根據大綱，這道題的考查方向在于“推測”，也就是能夠根據上下文“猜詞”。那么上下文如何猜測詞義呢?這需要回到學(xué)術(shù)性議論文的體裁特點(diǎn)上了，學(xué)術(shù)性議論文上下文之間具有很緊密的語(yǔ)義關(guān)系，所以我們可以通過(guò)上下文之間的語(yǔ)義關(guān)系來(lái)解題。
語(yǔ)義關(guān)系分為：語(yǔ)義一致和語(yǔ)義相反。詞義句意題就可以根據這兩個(gè)語(yǔ)義關(guān)系來(lái)解題。
一、語(yǔ)義一致：
(2010 年 text 3) ....For a social epidemic to occur, however, each person so affected must then influence his or her own acquaintances, who must in turn influence theirs, and so on; and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential. If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant, for example, the cascade of change won’t propagate very far or affect many people.
34. The underlined phrase “these people” in paragraph 4 refers to the ones who ______.
[A] stay outside the network of social influence
[B] have little contact with the source of influence
[C] are influenced and then influence others
[D] are influenced by the initial influential
解題：這道題問(wèn)“these people”指的是_____.由題干判斷為詞義句意題，定位到原文找到前后語(yǔ)義關(guān)系：“each person so affected must then influence his or her own acquaintances, who must in turn influence theirs, and so on; and...”所以，根據分號和“and”判斷前后語(yǔ)義一致，根據分號前的內容“must then influence; who must in turn influence theirs..”，可判斷出正確答案為C項。
二、語(yǔ)義相反：
2006 年 text 1) In spite of “endless talk of difference,” American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people. There is “the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse, and the casualness and absence of deference” characteristic of popular culture.
21. The word “homogenizing” (Line 2. Para. 1) most probably means _______.
[A] identifying
[B] associating
[C] assimilating
[D] monopolizing
解題：根據題干判斷為詞義句意題。定位到“homogenizing”所在的句子。根據關(guān)鍵詞：“In spite of 盡管”，判斷homogenizing所在的句子與前面的從句之間語(yǔ)義相反：“In spite of “endless talk of difference,””該句強調：“difference”不同，根據語(yǔ)義相反，homogenizing所在句應該是強調“相同”那么對應后一句，這一層含義只能與homogenizing對應，所以該題選C項。
根據這兩個(gè)題目，我們發(fā)現詞義句意題可用語(yǔ)義關(guān)系解題，不需要完全依靠詞匯量以及閱讀理解能力，所以把握文章的邏輯語(yǔ)義關(guān)系對于解題十分重要。
