其實(shí)，中心論點(diǎn)的位置也是有跡可循的。因為西方人的思維模式偏“直線(xiàn)式”，不喜歡繞彎子，所以在寫(xiě)作時(shí)，中心論點(diǎn)在文章開(kāi)篇時(shí)就會(huì )交代得非常清楚了。所以，開(kāi)篇方式直接決定了我們如何去查找中心論點(diǎn)。經(jīng)過(guò)對于試題的總結，可以發(fā)現常見(jiàn)的開(kāi)篇方式就是有兩種：“開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山式”和“拋轉引玉”式。

一、“開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山”

“開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山”，顧名思義，就在文章第一段找中心論點(diǎn)即可。再詳細一點(diǎn)來(lái)分析的話(huà)，可以分為幾種情況：1.如果段首只有一句話(huà)，該句極有可能就是文章中心;2.如果有多句話(huà)，可以觀(guān)察一下是否出現轉折句，如果有轉折句的話(huà)，優(yōu)先考慮轉折句，如果沒(méi)有的話(huà)，考慮首段首句。附試題為例：

例2(2017年 text 4)——首段(只有一句話(huà))出中心論點(diǎn)

Though often viewed as a problem for western states, the growing frequency of wildfires is anational concern because of its impact on federal tax dollars, says Professor Max Moritz, a specialistin fire ecology and management.

例2(2014年 text 4)——首段轉折句出中心論點(diǎn)

The Heart of the Matter,” the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS), deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America. Regrettably, however, the report’s failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good.

例3(2016年text 1)——首段首句出中心論點(diǎn)

France, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways. The parliament also agreed to ban websites that “incite excessive thinness” by promoting extreme dieting.

二、“拋轉引玉”

“拋轉引玉”指的是作者在文章開(kāi)頭可以通過(guò)相關(guān)背景、人物故事、他人觀(guān)點(diǎn)、過(guò)去發(fā)生的事來(lái)引出文章中心。附試題為例：

(2003 text1)

Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Internet. The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World War II and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information. Donovan believed in using whatever tools came to hand in the “great game” of espionage—spying as a “profession.” These days the Net, which has already re-made such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail, is reshaping Donovan’s vocation as well.

文章首段通過(guò)Bill Donovan(間諜大師)這個(gè)人物作為“磚”，在首段末句引出現在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對于間諜這一職業(yè)的影響。