Tokyo was named the world's safest city on Thursday by the Economist Intelligence Unit, in anindex ranking cities' ability to handle everything from climate disasters to cyber attacks.
Singapore took second place after Japan's capital while another Japanese metropolis, Osaka, came third - the same top three as the two previous Safe Cities Indexes of 2015 and 2017.
This year the index of 60 cities aimed to capture the concept of "urban resilience", which isthe ability of cities to absorb and bounce back from shocks, researchers said.
This concept has increasingly steered urban safety planning during the last decade, aspolicymakers worry about the impacts of climate change, including heat stress and flooding.
The index assessed four types of safety: digital, infrastructure, health and personal security.
該指數評估了四類安全：數字安全、基礎設施安全、醫療保健和個人安全。
Asia-Pacific dominated the top 10, as in previous years, with six cities, including Australia'sSydney in fifth place, South Korea's Seoul in eighth and Australia's Melbourne in 10th.
Two European and two North American cities made it into the top 10, with the Dutch capitalAmsterdam in fourth place while Denmark's Copenhagen came eighth. Canada's Toronto camesixth, and the US capital, Washington D.C., seventh.
The safest cities scored highly on access to high-quality healthcare, dedicated cyber-securityteams, community-based police patrols and good disaster planning, researchers said.
"The research highlights how different types of safety are thoroughly intertwined," said NakaKondo, the report's Tokyo-based editor.
該報告駐東京編輯紺戶中說：“這項研究凸顯了不同類型的安全問題是如何完全交織在一起的。”
While European cities performed well in the area of health, they struggled with digital security, in terms of citizens' ability to freely use the internet and other digital channels without fear ofprivacy violations or identity theft.
Top-ranking cities for digital security scored high on citizen awareness of digital threats anddedicated cyber-security teams, leading to low levels of infection by computer viruses andmalware.
"London is the only European city in the top 10 in this category," said Irene Mia, globaleditorial director of the Economist Intelligence Unit.
經濟學人智庫全球編輯主任艾琳·米婭說：“倫敦是一個躋身前十的歐洲城市。”
Nigeria's Lagos, Venezuela's Caracas, Myanmar's Yangon, Pakistan's Karachi and Bangladesh'sDhaka were the world's five least safe cities, according to the index.
