摘要：今天帶來的是長難句中的否定句和強調句，突破了長難句，考研英語的閱讀和翻譯就好很多了。這些語法記得收藏起來哦~
第一部分：否定句
一、理論常識
1. 部分否定
Not both of them are my brothers .
Both of them are not my brothers .
All is not gold that glitters .
2. 雙重否定
雙重否定分為三種：
肯定型：
There are no roses without thorns .
強調型：
I just can’t do nothing .
委婉型：
I can’t hardly read your hand writing .
3. 幾乎否定
She is barely right .
I seldom got any sleep last night .
Few people can understand why he did it .
二、試題舉例
There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry .
【重點詞匯解析】methodology，n. 方法論;refer to 參考、涉及、指的是; branch，n. 分支 v. 分支、出現分歧
【參考翻譯】所謂方法論是指一般的歷史研究中的特有概念，還是指歷史研究中各個具體領域使用的研究手段，人們對此意見不一。
第二部分：強調句
一、理論常識
強調主要有兩種形式：
1. 強調謂語：
Eg1 ： I love you . I do love you . I did love you .
Eg2 ： Cell phone / Internet / computer brings us convenience .
Cell phone / Internet / computer does bring us convenience .
2. 強調句式：
It is / was + 被強調成分 +that / who + 句子其他成分。
【步驟】
a. 先寫出正確的簡單句、并列句或復合句，明確單句的各個成分。
b. 在被強調成分(除謂語和補語外)兩邊添加it is / was 和that / who， 其他成分不變，必要時調整順序。
【強調句式特征】去掉it is / was ... that / who結構，整個句子無冗余或成分殘缺。
Eg1 ： My mother always encourages me not to lose heart when I have difficulties in study .
It is my mother who / that always encourages me not to lose heart when I have difficulties in study .
It is when I have difficulties in study that my mother always encourages me not to lose heart .
二、試題舉例
Thus , in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers , coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it .
【重點詞匯解析】couple with 與……相結合;maximize，v. 取……最大值、達到最大值
【參考翻譯】因此，在美國的經濟體系中，個體消費者的需求與商人試圖最大化其利潤的欲望和個人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相結合，一起決定了什么應該被制造，以及資源如何被用來制造它們。
